The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has established new deadlines in the genocide case brought by South Africa against Israel, extending the legal proceedings well into 2029.
The decision follows Israel’s submission of its counter-memorial in March. South Africa has now been given until November 2027 to file its reply to Israel’s arguments, while Israel will have until May 2029 to submit its rejoinder.
South Africa initiated the case in December 2023, alleging that Israel’s military actions in Gaza amount to genocide against Palestinians. The case was launched after the October 7 Hamas attacks on Israel triggered a military response that has resulted in significant casualties and destruction across Gaza.
According to the South African Presidency, the timeline is consistent with previous genocide cases heard by the ICJ, where parties were permitted to submit additional rounds of written pleadings. South Africa will also be required to address Israel’s argument that the court lacks jurisdiction to hear the case.
Under ICJ rules, written submissions remain confidential unless the court decides otherwise. However, Israel has publicly stated that its filing argues its military operations are intended to neutralise Hamas’ military and governing capabilities rather than target Palestinians as a group.
The South African government maintains that claims of self-defence cannot be used as a legal defence against allegations of genocide.
While the case continues through its lengthy legal process, Israel remains bound by provisional measures issued by the ICJ in 2024. These orders require Israel to prevent acts that could constitute genocide and to facilitate the delivery of humanitarian aid to civilians in Gaza.
A final ruling in the case is not expected for several years, making it one of the most closely watched international legal proceedings concerning the ongoing Israel-Gaza conflict.